Essential Work, Disposable Workers

Experiences of Immigrant and Refugee Food Processing Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Washington

A research report by Lola Loustaunau, Sociology Doctoral Candidate, University of Oregon

This report highlights the growing visibility and vulnerability of food processing workers—primarily immigrants and people of color—who faced severe COVID-19 outbreaks due to crowded, high-risk working conditions. Drawing from 40 interviews in rural Washington and public data, the report details how companies were slow or inconsistent in implementing CDC safety guidelines, leaving workers exposed to health risks. Many struggled to access public relief due to bureaucratic hurdles, misinformation, and language barriers, while also grappling with long-term impacts on their financial and emotional well-being. The report concludes with policy recommendations aimed at improving workplace safety and support systems for these essential yet underrepresented workers.